FAG super precision bearing speed, stiffness and deformation

The rotational speed that any type of bearing arrangement can achieve depends on the proper cooperation between the components, balancing the overall energy. The number of bearings, their position, internal stresses (play or preload), external stresses, and lubrication and heat dissipation are all decisive factors. The attainable speeds given in the bearing table are reference values ​​that can be higher or lower, depending on the conditions described above. The limiting speed given in the FAG spindle bearing bearing table is the speed capability of a single bearing under elastic preload. Rigid preloaded bearings, bearing pairs or bearing sets cannot reach these speeds. The deceleration factor is shown in Figure 14. Cylindrical Roller Bearings For cylindrical roller bearings, the maximum speed is achieved by adjusting the radial clearance. Refer to Table 8 on page 210 for instructions on installation instructions.

 Deformation and stiffness The stiffness of the bearing set depends on the bearing arrangement and preload. In addition to bearing stiffness, the stiffness of the machine tool's overall system is more dependent on the stiffness of the shaft and housing. Axial stiffness ca Axial stiffness is the ratio of axial load to axial displacement. Ca = Fa/δaca = Axial stiffness [N/μm] Fa = Axial load [N] δa = Axial displacement [μm] Relieving force KaE If a bearing group experiences axial forces through the shaft, the bearing is loaded Deformation will occur. Bearings with opposite contact angles and load directions will be unloaded. The unloading force KaE is defined as the axial force that reduces the preload of the bearing set to the unloaded condition through the center of the bearing.

 The displacement of the spindle bearing bearing set is almost proportional to the bearing unloading force. The axial stiffness ca given in the bearing table applies to bearing sets that are back-to-back or face-to-face. The radial stiffness cr can be estimated from the axial stiffness. Cr ? 6 · ca where α = 15°cr · 2 · ca Here α = 25° exceeds the bearing set of two bearings and above, both the stiffness value and the bearing capacity increase. Figure 15 shows an approximation of axial stiffness and bearing capacity under axial load. The radial stiffness of a bearing assembly subjected to radial center loads can be estimated from Figure 16. For Series 2344.. of Double Direction Angular Contact Thrust Ball Bearings, the axial stiffness value ca given in the bearing table applies if the axial force applied by the bearing does not exceed 2.2% of the rated dynamic load of the bearing C.

FAG super-precision bearings for the detection and measurement of temperature guidance

Bearing monitoring Any change that reflects the FAG precision bearing or any change in operating conditions can be used as a measurement for bearing monitoring. They can be forces, vibrations, temperatures, driving forces, and the like. In the process of bearing monitoring, it is not always important to ensure that the absolute value of the measured value is large, and the possible change of the monitored value is even more important. For example, an absolute temperature of 40 °C will not damage the rolling bearings. If this steady-state temperature rises from a deceleration of 35 °C to 40 °C in a very short period of time, this may be an obvious sign of the bearing starting to suffer damage. In selecting the monitoring method, it should be considered whether the bearing is gradually worsened after a long time when the bearing is damaged at low speed or medium speed. In these circumstances, it makes sense to conduct regular monitoring. At high speeds and at extremely high speeds, natural failures should also be included in the risk assessment. Only in this way can the bearing damage be reduced with continuous monitoring.

 The previous bearing monitoring was only used to guarantee the quality of newly processed or repaired spindles. For example, reducing downtime or measuring natural frequencies is a consideration. In both processes, the problems caused by preloading are quickly and accurately detected. Measurements of temperature, vibration velocity, and acceleration are common methods for quality assurance. These methods can only be used for comparable processes, such as reducing the measurement of deceleration downtime.

 Temperature Monitoring In many cases, temperature is important for bearing performance. In general, aging or failure of a grease-lubricated bearing can be detected in time. The preload changes cause the bearing to float and have a relatively stable relationship with temperature changes. In general, the temperature is measured on a stationary ferrule, usually the outer ring. The change in temperature over a certain period of time is the benchmark for assessment. The following are guidelines for a reliable method of measuring temperature: • Measure as close to the bearing as possible • Perform as continuous measurements as possible • Avoid bearing deformation caused by measuring force Normal bearing temperature change mode is steady-state. However, if you exceed the service life of the grease, the temperature change will be very unstable and will change. When bearing performance starts to degrade, corresponding measures must be taken.

Types of FYH Bearing Greases and Supplementary Methods

  Types of grease relubrication: There are various types of greases used in FYH-mounted rolling bearings. However, different types of greases, especially soaps with different greases, can significantly reduce the lubricating performance. Therefore, the supplementary grease should be the same as the initial filling grease to avoid the use of different types of grease. The recommended grease for FYH-mounted rolling bearings is the same as the initial filling grease (see Table 2.3). In addition, when other greases have to be used, they should be at least the same type (thickening agent) as the initial filling grease.

  Grease replenishing method: The lubricating grease with roller bearing grease is supplemented with a grease nozzle and a grease gun mounted on the bearing housing (figure 14.13). Fig. 14.13 Addition of grease to FYH-mounted rolling bearing 1 Sweep the grease nozzle and its periphery so that no foreign matter will enter the inside of the bearing 2 Sweep the grease gun and fill it with clean grease 3 Make-up grease Relubricate the FYH-mounted rolling bearing When grease is used, it is recommended that the shaft be turned by hand (or that the seat bearing be operated at a low speed). In this way, the old grease can be properly removed and the new grease can be evenly added to the inside of the bearing.

  In the case of mechanical structures where it is difficult to supplement grease with a standard (Type A) grease nozzle, Type B and Type C grease nozzles are also available. Please order. The types of grease nozzles are shown in Figure 14.14. When oil is fed to a plurality of seated rolling bearings using a centralized oiling device, a soft grease having a consistency of 300 to 380 is used. In order to properly replenish the predetermined amount of grease, proper piping must be performed. The piping with a rolling bearing is carried out using the threaded hole of the grease nozzle of the bearing housing. However, when the threaded hole of the bearing housing and the piping are different from each other, the coupling is used with a reducing sleeve joint. The structure of the reducer joint used for concentrating oil is shown in Figure 14.15. In addition, when performing centralized oiling, determine the short grease replenishment interval. If the supplementary volume fraction shown in Table 14.5 is added back, the bearing lubrication effect will be good.

FYH replacement process with seat bearing

FYH with roller bearing, bearing and bearing box with interchangeability, so if the bearing is abnormal, you can replace the bearing and continue to use. The replacement process of FYH bearings with roller bearings is shown below.
   1 Remove the seat bearing from the shaft and base

   2 Screw in the set screw so that the head does not come out of the outer diameter surface of the bearing inner ring. When the bearing is inclined, there is a danger that the head of the stop screw catches on the bearing housing

   3 Using a hammer handle, etc., turn the bearing 90° horizontally

   4 Remove the bearing from the bearing mounting groove of the bearing housing When installing the new FYH bearing into the bearing housing, perform the reverse procedure for disassembly.

FAG machine tool spindle bearing size and geometric tolerance measurement method

Dimensional and geometrical tolerances Unless specifically stated otherwise, FAG radial bearings have a tolerance in accordance with DIN 620-2 (ISO 492) and thrust rolling bearing tolerances in accordance with DIN 620-3 (ISO 199), Fig. 1. The accuracy level is PN. For higher precision bearings, tolerance values ​​are limited to P6, P5, P4, and P2. Refer to pages 29 to 32 for data sheets for various tolerance levels. FAG high-precision bearings High-precision bearings do not use standard tolerance classes but are produced according to tolerance classes P4S, SP and UP. These tolerances are listed in the product description of the JAF Precision Bearings catalogue, see TPI120, High-Precision Bearings with Combined Loads.
  Measuring methods The testing method for rolling bearings is in accordance with DIN 620-1 and ISO 1132-2. More detailed information on the measurement method is given in TPI138, THK Rolling Bearing tolerances, definitions and measurement criteria. TPI bearing samples can be ordered through the internet.
  FAG machine spindle bearing tolerance symbols and definitions Tolerance symbols Tolerance characteristics according to DIN 1132 and DIN 620
d Nominal bearing diameter

Dmp average hole diameter deviation in a single plane

D1mp Deviation of the average diameter at the large end of a tapered bore
Vdsp single hole diameter variation in a single plane
Vdmp average hole diameter variation
D bearing nominal outside diameter

Dmp average in-plane deviation of a single plane
VDsp single outer diameter variation in a single plane
VDmp average outside diameter variation
B Inner ring nominal width

Bs single inner ring width deviation
VBs inner ring width variation
C Nominal width of outer ring

Cs single outer ring width deviation
VCs outer ring width variation
Kia Ring Bearing Radial Runout
Kea Radial runout of bearing outer ring
Sd inner ring end face inner hole runout
Bus surface of outer surface of SD outer ring beats to the reference end surface
Axial runout of Sia bearing inner ring
Axial runout of the outer ring of Sea Bearings
Thickness variation of Si shaft
Se seat thickness variation
T one-way thrust bearing nominal height
T Tapered Roller Bearing Assembly High

Arrangement Design of Spindle Bearing for FAG Precision Machine Tool

Adjacent Structure In order to make full use of the precision and rigidity of the FAG spindle bearing in the machine, it must be ensured that the adjacent structure of the bearing not only has a certain size and geometric accuracy, but also has sufficient rigidity and bearing capacity. Pay particular attention to the large axial loads that may occur. It is recommended to provide a rigid, dimensionally stable foundation in the direction of the machine bed mounting point. Shaft and seat hole tolerances The bearing fit is derived from ISO shaft and seat hole tolerances (ISO 286) and is associated with bearing bore tolerance dmp and bearing outer diameter tolerance Dmp (DIN 620). Reference axis and hole tolerance tables The recommended values ​​for shaft and housing hole tolerances apply to normal installation and operating conditions, see page 37, table.

  FAG radial bearings with cylindrical bore Radial shaft diameter tolerance 1) C/P 10. 2) C/P 10 10. Thrust Bearing Shaft Tolerance Rotational Condition Bearing Type Shaft Diameter Mobility Load Tolerance Band mm Inner Ring Bearing Point Load Ball Bearing, Roller Bearing All Sizes Inner Ring Easy to Move g6 (g5) Inner Ring is not Easy to Move, Angular Contact Ball Bearing and Belt Tapered roller bearings with adjustable inner ring h6 (j6) Inner ring subjected to cyclic load or inaccurate load direction Ball bearings 100 to 200 Low load 1) k6 (k5) General and heavy loads 2) m6 (m5) greater than 200 Low Load m6 (m5) General and Heavy Loads n6 (n5) Roller Bearings 60 to 200 Low Load k6 (k5) General Load m6 (m5) Heavy Load n6 (n5) 200 to 500 General Load m6 (m5) Weight Load, impact load p6 greater than 500 General load n6 (p6) Heavy load p6 load Bearing type Shaft diameter tolerance Band axial load Thrust deep groove ball bearings All sizes j6 Thrust cylindrical roller bearings with shaft ring h6 (j6) Thrust cylindrical roller Sub and cage assemblies.

  Housing bore tolerances FAG radial bearings 1) G7 Housings made of GG, if the bearing outside diameter D 250 mm and the outer ring and seat hole temperature difference 10K. 2) F7 Housing made of GG, if the bearing diameter D 250 mm and the temperature difference between the outer ring and the seat hole is 10 K. Thrust bearing Housings Tolerances Rotational condition Mobility Load condition Tolerance band Outer ring Bearing point load The outer ring is easy to move. The tolerance of non-split bearing housing is determined according to the required running accuracy. H7 (H6) 1) The outer ring is easy to move , Split housing H8 (H7) outer ring is not easy to move, non-split bearing housing requires high running accuracy H6 (J6) outer ring is not easy to move, angular contact ball bearings and tapered roller bearings with adjustable outer ring Ordinary running accuracy of the split bearing housing H7 (J7) The outer ring is easy to move the heat transferred from the shaft G72) The outer ring is subject to circumferential load or uncertain load direction Low load, the outer ring can not move High running accuracy Select K6, M6, N6 And P6K7 (K6) medium load, impact load, outer ring cannot move M7 (M6) heavy load, impact load (C/P ? 6), outer ring cannot move N7 (N6) heavy load, severe impact, thin-walled bearing , The outer ring cannot move P7 (P6) Load Bearing type Operating tolerances Axial load Axial deep groove ball bearings Normal running accuracy E8 High running accuracy H6 Thrust cylindrical roller bearings with raceways – H7 (K7) Thrust cylindrical rollers And cage assemblies – H10.

FAG Angular Contact Ball Bearing Equivalent Dynamic Load and Tolerance

FAG Single Row Angular Contact Ball Bearing Design & Safety Guide Bearing Equivalent Dynamic Load Bearing Equivalent Dynamic Load P is applicable to bearings bearing both radial and axial dynamic loads. The bearing under the equivalent dynamic load P is the same as the rated bearing life under the actual combined load. For bearings subject to dynamic loads, the following formula is used: Contact angle 40°Fa kN Bearings Axial dynamic load Fr kN Bearing radial dynamic load P kN Bearing load equivalent dynamic load under combined load. For bearings subjected to dynamic loads, the following formula is used: Contact angle 30°Fa kN Bearings Axial dynamic load Fr kN Bearing radial dynamic load P kN Combined bearing load under equivalent dynamic load.

  Minimum load Under continuous operating conditions, for angular contact ball bearings with cages, the minimum radial load must satisfy P/Cr 0.01. Speed ​​For the bearing's limit speed nG, see the dimension table. The running speed of the bearing must not exceed the dynamic limit speed nG. Bearing Arrangement Load Ratio Bearing Equivalent Dynamic Load Single Bearing P = Fr P = 0.35 · Fr + 0.57 · Fa Bearing Arrangement Load Ratio Equivalent Dynamic Bearing Load Bearing P = Fr P = 0.39 · Fr + 0.76 · Fa Bearing Arrangement Design for Bearings The performance is comprehensively utilized and the adjacent structures must have a suitable design.

  Shaft and housing bore tolerances Recommended tolerances for cylindrical bore radial bearing shafts, see page 37, table. Refer to page 38, table for recommended tolerances for radial bearing housing bores. Mounting dimensions The bearing size table gives the maximum values ​​of the lead radii ra and ra1 and the diameters Da, Db and da of the shoulders of adjacent structures. Accuracy Dimensions and Geometrical Tolerance The main dimensions of the standard angular contact ball bearings conform to the standard DIN 628-1. The standard bearing size and geometrical tolerances are P5 and comply with the standard DIN 620-2. According to the agreement, we can provide non-standard bearings with other tolerance classes.

FAG single row angular contact ball bearing characteristics and suffix meaning

Features With a few exceptions, FAG single row angular contact ball bearings are inseparable bearings consisting of solid inner and outer rings, ball and cage assemblies. The raceways of the inner ring and the outer ring are offset from each other in the axial direction of the bearing. The angular adjustment function of this kind of bearing is very limited. Radial and axial load carrying capacity Single row angular contact ball bearings are capable of withstanding uniaxial and radial forces. It must be axially adjustable with respect to the other bearing. The axial load capacity depends on the contact angle. Bearings with a contact angle of 40° can withstand greater axial loads compared to bearings with a contact angle of 30°. Sealing this type of bearing is not sealed.

  Lubricating single row angular contact ball bearings can be greased or oil lubricated. Operating Temperature Open angular contact ball bearings operate from –30 °C to +150 °C. Bearings with an outside diameter D 240 mm maintain dimensional stability up to +200 °C. Cage The standard series for this type of bearing is a ball-guided brass solid window cage with the suffix MP. Suffixes that are MPA or MPB(S) bearings represent brass solid window cages that are guided by the outer ring or inner ring. Suffixes of existing standard design suffix types: See table. Existing Design Suffix Description Design B Improved Internal Structure Design Standard Design MP Brass Body Cage Standard Design P5 Bearing Special Design for P5 Bearings M15 Special design with measurement report, J15 actual data tag Obtained through protocol.

FAG single row tapered roller bearing parameters description

FAG Single Row Tapered Roller Bearing Features Tapered roller bearings consist of solid inner and outer rings with tapered raceways and tapered roller assemblies using stamped steel cages. Bearings are separable. Therefore, the inner and outer rings with the roller and cage assembly can be installed separately. In addition to standard-size and standard-labeled bearings, there are also special metric and imperial bearings. The non-standard bearing designations are Z-5 or F-8. In the new design, please choose metric tapered roller bearings.

  Radial and axial load carrying capacity Tapered roller bearings can withstand uniaxial and high radial loads. Usually two tapered roller bearings are paired using a symmetrical arrangement. Contact angle The axial load-carrying capacity depends on the contact angle; that is, the greater the contact angle, the greater the axial load the bearing can withstand. The coefficient e in the dimension table shows the bearing contact angle and the bearing capacity. The improved contact line between the angular misalignment tapered roller and the inner and outer ring raceways optimizes the stress distribution at the contact point, prevents edge stress and allows bearing misalignment. When the load ratio is P/Cr ? 0.2, the relative tilt angle of the inner and outer rings of the bearing must not exceed 4 points. If you need to bear more load or more tilt angle, please contact Qingdao Ruijing Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd. Sealed standard tapered roller bearings are non-hermetic.
  Lubricated bearings can be lubricated with oil or grease. Operating temperature Single row tapered roller bearings are suitable for operating temperatures ranging from –30 °C to +120 °C. If the continuous operating temperature is +120 °C, please contact us Qingdao Ruijing Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd. The dimensionally stable temperature with an outside diameter greater than 240 mm is +200 °C.

Single-row tapered roller bearing cages Single-row tapered roller bearings use stamped steel cages. Since the cage has a certain amount of protrusion, the mounting dimensions and the amount of cage protrusion in the dimension table must be noted on page 111. Suffixes of existing designs, see table. Current Design Design and Safety Guidelines Equivalent Dynamic Load Equivalent Dynamic load P is suitable for radial and axial loads. It is consistent with the calculated life of the bearing under the action of the composite load in the actual process. Bearings subjected to dynamic loads use the following formula: Single-row bearings under dynamic load Fa kN Bearings Axial dynamic load Fr kN Bearing radial dynamic load e, Y – Coefficient, see equivalent dynamic load under dimension table P kN composite load. A suffix improved design described internal design standard external dimensions conform to international standards X P5 higher precision than the specific design loads Equivalent dynamic bearing load P = FrP = 0.4 · Fr + Y · Fa equivalent static load equivalent static load P0 suitable to withstand radial And axial load. The stress caused by the center point of the area where the force is greatest between the rolling element and the raceway contact surface is equal to the stress caused by the actual load synthesis.

  For single bearings under static load, use: Single bearing under static load F0a kN Bearing axial static load F0r kN Bearing radial static load Y0 – Parameter, see Dimensional tables P0 kN Equivalent static bearing load under combined load. The minimum load is to ensure that the bearing does not slip during operation, and the bearing bears at least one minimum radial load Fr min in the radial direction. This is especially important for high speed, high acceleration conditions. In continuous operating conditions, the minimum radial load of a roller bearing with a cage must meet P/Cr 0.02.

The speed that affects the bearing's limit speed is the bearing itself. The limit speed nG cannot be exceeded, see the dimension table. Only the peripheral structure design is reasonable for the bearing pairing design, and the bearing can give full play to its performance. Shaft and housing tolerances For cylindrical bore radial bearings, the recommended shaft tolerances are listed on page 37, table. Recommended bearing tolerances for radial bearings, see table on page 38. The dimensions of the chamfering radii ra and rb of adjacent parts and the diameters of the shoulders of adjacent structures are given in the dimensions of the mounting dimensions. The retainer cage protrudes slightly to the side. In order to prevent scratching of the cage, the lateral minimum dimensions Ca and Cb in the dimension table must be taken into consideration in the design of the adjacent structure.

FAG radial cylindrical roller bearing parameters and suffix letter meaning

Features FAG Super Precision Cylindrical Roller Bearings include solid outer rings, solid inner rings with taper bore (taper 1:12) and cylindrical roller and cage assemblies. The cage material is brass or polyetheretherketone PEEK. Cylindrical roller bearing NN30, the outer ring is movable and can therefore be installed separately from the rest. Cylindrical roller bearing NNU49, inner ring is removable. Double row bearings are used in applications where high accuracy and high radial loads are required. In machine tool applications, they can achieve bearing arrangements with high precision, high radial stiffness and very high load carrying capacity. They provide radial support for the main shaft.

  The ideal floating bearing can compensate for the change in length in the rotary motion due to the non-binding force between the roller and the non-ribbed raceway, so the cylindrical roller bearing is particularly suitable for use as a floating bearing. The axial force is borne by the thrust bearing. The NNU49 bearing cylindrical roller bearing with a smaller cross-sectional area has a smaller cross section than other FAG ultra-precision cylindrical roller bearings. Therefore, smaller shaft spacings can be achieved in a multi-spindle arrangement. Also, the diameter range not shown in the dimension table can be agreed upon. Double Row Cylindrical Roller Bearings Cylindrical Roller Bearings NN30 Bearings The rollers are guided by the inner ring. The outer ring has a ground cylindrical profile and can be moved, Figure 1. The NNU49 has a ground, removable cylindrical inner ring. The roller is guided by the outer ring.

  Seal this type of cylindrical roller bearing without a seal. Lubrication Due to the high surface quality of raceways and rollers, FAG cylindrical roller bearings are particularly suitable for grease lubrication. Oil lubricated double row bearings have lube grooves and lube holes on the outer ring. When selecting a lubricant, the operating temperature of the lubricant must be taken into account. Depending on the design, radial bearings can in most cases be lubricated by smaller thrust bearings above, see page 57. Operating temperature The bearing operating temperature ranges from –30 °C to +150 °C. The cage material for the cage double row bearing is solid brass (suffix M).

  Suffixes of existing designs, see table. The design of the existing design bearing is marked on the end face of the bearing ring, Figure 2. Suffix Description Design S Outer Ring with Lube and Lubrication Hole Standard Design AS Outer Ring with Lube and Lubrication Hole, Series NN30 K Cone Hole, Taper 1:12 M Brass Cage, Roller Guide SP Accuracy SP and Internal radial clearance C1NA C2 Internal radial clearance According to the standard special design, UP ultra-high precision and internal radial clearance C1NA can be supplied through the agreement R40-50 individual internal radial clearance H74 high running accuracy.

FAG super-precision bearing product features

Achieve FAG accuracy level P4S: In rough terms, the bearing accuracy basically covers the DIN/ISO or ABEC standards. However, FAG's super-precision bearings exceed this range. In addition to the tolerances required to achieve P4 or higher accuracy levels, there are other properties that are not included in these standards. All important product performances of FAG super-precision bearings are in line with the P2 accuracy class. The same applies to the running accuracy and parallelism of FAG bearings produced according to the P4S standard. Therefore, the standard FAG super-precision bearings can be used in the design of bearing arrangements with the highest accuracy. (See tolerances for single row FAG spindle bearings, page 144)

  Suitable material: FAG super-precision bearings are made of high-performance materials. High material fatigue life and wear resistance are achieved through special heat treatment processes, so that under normal circumstances the bearings can operate in infinite life. The Cronidur 30 is particularly important material, and X-life ultra-precision bearings are made of it. Its unprecedented fatigue strength and corrosion resistance dramatically increase bearing life, allow higher contact stresses, allow higher rotational speeds, and significantly increase lubricant life. Today, for spindle bearings, hybrid bearings, for example made of steel bearing rings and ceramic rolling elements, have become a standard product. Ceramic rolling elements are also used in cylindrical roller bearings. The ceramic material used is silicon nitride, which can give full play to typical ceramic characteristics. With steel
  Compared to rolling elements, there are more advantages, such as: • Excellent frictional properties between steel and ceramics, greatly reducing the stress of materials and lubricants in hybrid bearings. • The low density of the ceramic reduces the centrifugal force of the rolling elements and improves the bearing's motion performance. • The ceramic ball has a low coefficient of thermal expansion. In the course of work, the change of temperature has little effect on the change of bearing preload.

  The above factors greatly extend the life of the bearing. Therefore, ceramic ball bearings are often used even at low rotational speeds.

  Lubrication Grease plays an important role in the entire bearing system. The use of grease lubrication or oil lubrication has a great influence on the system cost. The Schaeffler Group's goal is to allow and prioritize grease lubrication even at maximum speed. Lubricants must undergo a rigorous verification procedure before use. Calculations and suitability tests for specific application requirements, such as the temperature performance and running-in performance of high-speed rotating spindles, are very important throughout the entire process. The result of this complex process is that the technical parameters of the lubricant to be validated are verified and its exact suitability is guaranteed by continuous testing.

  FAG spindle bearings are single row angular contact ball bearings with high precision. The dimensions are standardized so that they can be interchanged with other similar products on the market. FAG has the world's most mature and comprehensive range of high-precision bearings for machine tool spindles, representing the highest level of performance. FAG can provide bearings for almost all spindle designs on the market. Therefore, the choice of spindle bearings can meet most of the requirements of specific applications. The contact shape, material selection, surface quality, and lubricant feed characteristics of these types of bearings have the following advantages: • High accuracy • Excellent high-speed performance • High stiffness • Good seismic

FAG spindle bearing suffix code naming rules

All FAG super-precision bearings for machine tool spindles have the same code. In addition to the bearing type, the markings on the bearing also contain the following important information: • Hole diameter tolerances for inner and outer rings • Bearing width • Assembly direction, marked on the outer surface of the outer ring The above information helps the installation engineer to realize the shaft and bearing Seat and bearing with the exact match. To ensure the best performance of the bearing, in addition these code information help reduce inventory management costs. A detailed explanation of the bearing code can be found on the next two pages (spindle bearing) nomenclature. The direction of the contact angle of the contact angle on the single row bearing is marked on the outer surface of the bearing outer ring by an arrow. The open end of the arrow faces the end of the outer ring that has the ribs.
  The paired bearing designation and name matching bearing consist of a bearing that matches the inside diameter and outside diameter. The first letter represents the number of matching bearings. D 2 bearing sets - Double T 3 bearing sets - Triple Q 4 Bearing sets - The order of the bearings in the four-set ready-to-use paired bearing set is fixed. The second (or third) letter indicates the bearing arrangement within the bearing set: B Back-to-back arrangement F Face-to-face arrangement T Tandem arrangement BT 2 or 3 bearings Parallel arrangement with another bearing Re-formed back to back arrangement FT 2 or The arrangement of three bearings arranged in series with the other bearing and then face to face The overall mounting direction of the ready-to-install bearing is indicated by the large arrows hitting the entire bearing set, the bearings being arranged according to the direction of the arrow. The second letter in the name of the Universal Pair Bearing is U. The bearings of the universal bearing assembly can be arranged arbitrarily without any loss of performance. Therefore, the single bearing outer ring of the universal matching bearing does not require installation marks, and is only marked with the contact angle direction.
  Examples: B 70 08-C -T-P4S-UL* HSS 70 08-C-T-P4S-UL HCB 70 08-C DLR-T-P4S-UL B 70 08-C-2RSD-T-P4S-UL B 70 08-C -T-P4S-UL-L075
  FAG Spindle Bearing Suffix Code Bearing Type: B Standard Steel Ball HCB Hybrid Standard Ceramic Ball XCB X-Life Ultra-Long Life Standard Ceramic Ball HS High Speed ​​Bearing Ball HSS High Speed ​​Bearing Ball, Seal HC High Speed ​​Bearing Ceramic Ball HCS High Speed ​​Bearing Ceramic Ball, Sealed XC X-Life Ultra-Long-Life Standard High-Speed ​​Bearing Ceramic Ball XCS X-Life Ultra-Long-Life Standard High Speed ​​Bearing Ceramic Ball, Sealed
  Dimension Series: 718 Ultra Light Series 719 Light Load Series 70 Medium Load Series 72 Heavy Duty Series ID Code 6 6 mm 7 7 mm 8 8 mm 9 9 mm 00 10 mm 01 12 mm 02 15 mm 03 17 mm 04 4 · 5 = 20 mm 05 5 · 5 = 25 mm
  Contact angle: C 15° E 25°
  External form: Direct lubrication - CDLR Direct radial lubrication hole and integrated O-ring contact angle 15° -EDLR Integrated O-ring contact angle 25°
  Sealing: -2RSD sealed on both sides and filled with grease, sealed design in the bearing table with (•) indicates the manufacturer to fill grease L075 FAG grease Arcanol L075 for unsealed bearings. Bearings sealed at both ends are filled with L075 grease and can be lubricated for life.
  Preload: L Light Preload M Preload H Heavy Preload
  Bearing arrangement: U single bearing universal configuration DU a set of two universal bearings TU a set of three universal bearings QU a set of four universal bearings PU a set of five universal bearings DB a set of two bearings back to back layout DF Two sets of bearings face to face arrangement DT One set of two bearings arranged in series TBT A set of three bearings in series - O arrangement QBC A set of four bearings in series - O - tandem arrangement
  Accuracy: P4S FAG standard accuracy with reference to DIN620, higher than P4 rating P4S-K5 accuracy with P4S rating, and inner and outer diameters are in average group
  Cage: T plastic fiber cage, outer ring guide TX plastic fiber cage, outer ring guide TPA plastic fiber cage, outer ring guide, B718 series outer ring guide * can negotiate special design. You can find more information in the "Custom Solutions" section.

How to install high speed bearings

High-speed bearing installation and adjustment:

    1. Coordination and play of high-speed bearings As high-speed bearings are required to meet high-precision bearings and high-temperature bearings, when considering the cooperation and clearance, the following two points must be taken into account:

    (1) Change in size and hardness from normal temperature to high temperature;

    (2) Force changes and shape changes caused by centrifugal forces at high speeds.

    In short, under the condition of high speed and high temperature, it is difficult to maintain the precision and performance of the bearing from the choice of fit and clearance.

    In order to ensure that the raceway after installation of the bearing is deformed little, the interference of the interference fit cannot be made too large, while the centrifugal force at high speed and the thermal expansion at high temperature can offset the normal pressure of the mating surface. Or make the mating surface loose, so the amount of interference must be carefully calculated under the premise of considering the above two factors. The effective amount of interference at normal temperature and normal speed may not be effective for high-speed bearings.

    If the result of the calculation is too contradictory (usually only at ultra-high speeds), only the dual lubrication measures of the ring-lubrication method and the hydrostatic lubrication method are used, and this solution may break the dmn value of the bearing. 3 million mark.

    Thermal expansion at high temperatures, or counteract normal pressure on the mating surface. Or make the mating surface loose, so the amount of interference must be carefully calculated under the premise of considering the above two factors. The effective amount of interference at normal temperature and normal speed may not be effective for high-speed bearings.

    If the result of the calculation is too contradictory (usually only at ultra-high speeds), only the dual lubrication measures of the ring-lubrication method and the hydrostatic lubrication method are used, and this solution may break the dmn value of the bearing. 3 million mark.

    When considering the high-speed bearing clearance, it is necessary not only to consider the above-mentioned factors, but also to consider the influence of the thermal elongation of the shaft on the clearance, and to require the bearing to have the best clearance in the working state, that is, at the operating temperature. This kind of clearance is formed in the state where the center of the ball groove in the inner ring and the outer ring is accurately aligned. Because high-speed bearings strive to reduce the relative slip and internal friction, it is best not to adjust the clearance of the ball bearings by using the relative dislocation of the inner and outer rings in the axial direction.

    When considering the fit and clearance of the bearing, it is necessary to notice that the material becomes soft and easily deformed at high temperatures, and the possibility of a certain permanent deformation caused by temperature changes from room temperature to high temperature for many times.

    2. Requirements for host-related parts

    High-speed bearings require that the bearing is located in the rotating system through precise dynamic balance, and the shaft and the mounting hole of the bearing hole should have higher dimensional precision and position accuracy than the general requirements, especially the coaxiality and the shoulder to the seat hole or journal. Verticality, and in considering these issues, it must also pay attention to the high-speed and high-temperature factors of the bearing operation.

    The shaft support system requires both high rigidity and lightweight as much as possible. To overcome this contradiction, measures such as reducing the surface roughness and improving the surface strengthening can be adopted to increase the support stiffness, and the hollow shaft can be used to reduce the system quality.

How to install high-speed precision angular contact ball shaft

High-speed precision angular contact ball bearings are mainly used for high-speed rotation with light loads, and require high-precision, high-speed rotation, low-temperature vibration, and a certain service life. Often used as a pair of high-speed spindle support installation, is a key component of the internal surface grinder high-speed motor spindle.
Main Specifications:
1. Bearing Accuracy: Over GB/307.1-94 P4 Accuracy
2. High speed performance indicator: dmN value 1.3~1.8x 106/min
3. Service life (average): >1500 h
The service life of high-speed precision angular contact ball bearings has a lot to do with the installation. The following items should be noted:
1. The bearing installation should be carried out in a dust-free and clean room. The bearings must be carefully matched. The bearing spacers must be ground. Under the premise of keeping the height of the inner and outer rings, the spacer parallelism should be controlled at 1um. the following;
2. The bearing should be cleaned before installation. When the inner ring is sloped upwards during cleaning, the hand sensing is flexible and there is no sensation of stagnation. After drying, put in the specified amount of grease. If it is an oil mist lubrication, put in a small amount of oil mist oil;
3. Bearings should be installed using special tools, uniform force, no knocking;
4. Bearing storage should be clean and ventilated, no corrosive gas, relative humidity no more than 65%, long-term storage should be regularly rust-proof.

FAG Rolling Bearing Assembly and Lubricant Testing

Rolling bearing assembly monitoring characteristics The on-line monitoring system for this bearing type is used to evaluate the remaining service life of heavy-duty components and to monitor the operating process. FAG Online Monitoring System The ProTorq Online Monitoring System FAG ProTorq is suitable for monitoring various components due to its many functions.

It helps to: ■ Early detection of overload and possible component failures ■ Reliable estimation of remaining service life ■ Optimize component use and maintenance planning ■ Improve quality and performance ■ Design certification and optimization of power elements. Function FAG ProTorq can be used to detect signals such as torque, elongation, thrust, pressure, temperature, and displacement changes. These signals can be correlated with other data to assess machine conditions. In addition, the system can also perform calculations and comparisons between signals. As a result, users can obtain reliable environmental status information from components or running processes. This system can also be used in harsh environments such as rolling mills or offshore.

The customer solution FAG ProTorq has many functions and needs to be monitored with precise parameter definitions when configuring hardware and software. Each system represents a targeted, independent solution. Schaeffler Group accompanies the entire project phase of the user. According to Schaeffler Group's bearing system configuration, users can use intensive training to achieve the level of use of this system alone. Upon request from the customer, the Schaeffler Group specialist can estimate the measurement data. Solving faults If no permanent installation is required, the Schaeffler Group also provides temporary measurements. This objective is to find a solution to unexpected component failure points in the short term. Lubricant monitoring characteristics Oil samples from this model can be used to determine the early wear of heavy-duty industrial gearboxes based on particles in the oil. Monitoring particles in oil means early detection of early failures. Particles can be identified by early oil monitoring. This can help prevent failures and downtime. FAG Oil Analyzer Wear Debris MonitorFAG Wear Debris Monitor is a monitor of the amount of particles in the oil and according to the particles.

  Oil sensor for size and material classification. The oil sensor is installed in the gear box at the front of the filter in the recirculating grease system auxiliary flow or in a separate oil circuit branch. The G Wear Debris Monitor is mainly used in planetary gearboxes in gearboxes, wind turbines or ship bearing propulsion systems, for example, for extracting plants as raw materials. The features of this equipment are as follows: ■ Monitoring of the amount of particles in the oil ■ Different particles can be classified as ferrous and non-ferrous metals ■ Classifying particles according to size ■ Integrate monitoring of oil particles into an existing on-line monitoring system. At the junction of the fluid and vibration monitoring facilities, damage and recirculation oil lubrication in the gearbox can be detected early and the cause of the fault can be identified. In this way, stoppages and secondary failures in the production process can be prevented.

TIMKEN tapered roller bearing clearance setting method

TIMKEN tapered roller bearings can be set during installation. It is because of this unique characteristic that the bearing clearance can be adjusted to meet the optimum range of application conditions to obtain the best bearing performance and system performance. Tapered roller bearings have the following advantages in setting clearance: while meeting application performance requirements, optimizing bearing clearance and extending bearing life Setting proper bearing clearance can increase the stiffness of the system, for example, suitable clearance Allows for better gear contact and longer gear life Bearing inner ring and outer ring can be separated, and the clearance of the installed bearing can be set during the assembly machine, so wider tolerances of the shaft and the housing can be accepted. A variety of ways to quickly set the clearance of tapered roller bearings. You can manually set the clearance, preset clearance or automatically set the clearance. Five common methods for automatically setting clearances (namely SETRIGHTTM, ACRO-SETTM, PROJECTASETTM, TORQUE-SETTM, and CLAMP-SETTM) each have many implementation methods, considerations, and advantages. See Table 1. The design of bearing clearance For tapered roller bearings, "set clearance" refers to a certain amount of axial clearance or preload (axial interference) of a mounted bearing. The structure of the tapered roller bearing determines that it can be easily adjusted and optimized during assembly.

  Unlike other types of rolling bearing models, tapered roller bearings do not require specific clearance values ​​by tightly controlling the fit of the shaft or housing when setting clearance. Since the tapered roller bearings are mounted in pairs (Fig. 1), their play depends mainly on the relative axial position of the two rows of bearings. The three main types of bearing clearance: Axial clearance - first apply a small axial force to the shaft in one direction, then apply this force again in the opposite direction, apply a force while swinging or rotating the shaft, roller The axial clearance between the raceway and the raceway can produce a measurable axial movement (the bearing bearing area is less than 180 degrees) preloading - axial interference between the roller and the raceway, so the shaft is as described above The method can not be measured when measuring the axial movement can measure the rolling resistance of the shaft rotation (loading area greater than 180 degrees) zero clearance - the gap between the axial gap and preload, no gap and no preloading assembly and The bearing clearance set in the process of adjusting the bearing is called a cold installation clearance, and the cold installation clearance is adjusted before the equipment is put into operation.

The clearance during operation is called the "working clearance" of the bearing. The working clearance is the result of the change in clearance caused by the thermal expansion and deformation of the bearing during operation. The cold installation clearance needed to achieve the best working clearance varies from application to application. The best clearance can usually be determined based on application experience or testing. However, the exact relationship between cold installation clearance and working clearance is often unknown, and can only be estimated based on existing knowledge and experience. If you want to obtain recommendations for bearing cold mounting clearance for specific applications, please contact Qingdao Ruijing Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd. bearing sales engineer. In general, the ideal bearing operating clearance is close to zero for maximum bearing life. Most bearings set an axial gap as an initial clearance during cold installation. When the equipment reaches a stable operating temperature, the clearance will be as close as possible to the required clearance - close to zero.

  Mounting clearances for certain applications may be set to preload to increase the stiffness or axial positioning of high-stress components, which would otherwise be subject to excessive flexing and eccentricity. Over pre-tensioning in the working state must be avoided, otherwise the bearing's fatigue life will be significantly shortened. In addition, excessive pre-tightening during operation generates a large amount of heat, which can lead to lubrication problems and premature bearing damage. The bearing area is the physical measurement of the arc carried by the raceway and directly reflects the number of rollers bearing the load. For a single-row tapered roller bearing, the maximum service life is approximately 225 degrees. Figure 2 graphically illustrates the relationship between L10 life and operating clearance of a bearing on a (cantilever) gear shaft. The ideal working clearance that maximizes the life of the bearing system is usually in the interval from near zero to slight preload. When manually setting the bearing clearance for small and medium-sized equipment production, if the precision of the bearing clearance is not high and the bearing clearance is mainly axial clearance, the manual method can often be used to set the bearing clearance, usually without special tools and measuring tools. , charts or fixtures, but there are requirements for the skills and judgment of the assembly workers. For example, a non-drive wheel of a conventional truck using a single adjustment nut design (fig. 3). During manual adjustment, the wheel is turned while tightening the adjustment nut until it feels that the rotation begins to have resistance. Then adjust the nut back 1/6 to 1/4 turn, align the nearest locking hole or retract to a small axial gap just enough to allow the wheel to rotate freely. Then adjust the lock nut in this position. Workers' skills and judgments need to be used to determine when the wheel starts to rotate when it is rotating. The more complicated and/or heavier the equipment is, the higher the level of skill and judgment of the worker is.

 For complex, large-scale or mass-production applications, manually setting the play may be too cumbersome, inaccurate, unreliable or time consuming. Timken designed a preset clearance bearing assembly and automatic clearance setting method as an alternative to manual setting of clearance. Preset clearance bearing assemblies Many applications use or require a double row or tightly coupled paired bearing assembly. This depends on the design and operating characteristics of the machine (such as the effects of thermal growth, high loads, etc.). To facilitate setting the bearing clearance in this case, we often use a preset clearance bearing assembly. The preset clearance bearing assembly has various forms. However, most are generally referred to as spacer bearings (Figure 4). Most preset clearance bearings are manufactured and supplied with spacers. The spacers are custom-built according to the bearings and are used to control the internal clearance (reference types 2S and TDI). Therefore, these custom or "grinding" spacers cannot be used interchangeably with other bearing assemblies. There are some preset clearance components, such as type SR or TNA, that allow the use of interchangeable spacers and/or bearing components. The purpose of designing these interchangeable assembly components is to tightly control the important tolerances that affect the bearing clearance. Therefore, these components can be randomly selected for use. Preset clearance bearings are manufactured with specific (unmounted) Internal clearance or factory clearance (BEP). The factory clearance is determined based on the installation clearance range required for a particular application. The installation clearance range of the bearing is determined strictly according to the influence of the shaft and bearing seat assembly and BEP. It is usually only required that the bearing and the rotating part are tightly fitted (shaft or bearing seat). The result is an expected installation clearance range of less than 0.008". The assembly clearance of the components of the interchangeable parts is usually greater than the range of installation clearances of the "paired" spacer assemblies. Usually the preset clearance bearing assembly is used when installing. It is very simple, just use the spacers to properly clamp the bearing components.

  Application of a typical preset clearance bearing assembly Preset clearance TIMKEN bearing assemblies are widely used in various industrial devices. Such as: planetary gears, bolts or connecting rod positions, gearbox idler gears, fan hub axles, pumps and idler shafts, pulleys, conveyor idlers, winch drums, fixed and floating positions of mining equipment, propulsion and slewing drives, Large gearbox drive.